The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of emotion regulation training and self-control training on self-control and emotional adjustment of students with oppositional defiant disorder. The research method was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all children aged 8 to 12 years in Shiraz who had been referred to psychological clinics in this city and had been diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder. To select the sample, 45 children were randomly selected from among these children in accordance with the inclusion criteria. The method of selecting the sample group was simple random. After selecting the subjects, they were randomly assigned to 3 groups: the first experimental group (emotion regulation training), the second experimental group (self-control training), and the control group. To diagnose oppositional defiant disorder, the Homerson, Murray, Ohan, and Johnson (2006) Oppositional Defiant Disorder Rating Scale was used, to measure self-control, the Humphrey Children's Perceived Self-Control Scale (1982), and to measure emotional adjustment, the Crick & Grotpeter (1995) Emotional-Social Adjustment Questionnaire was used. The results of the multivariate analysis of covariance test showed both methods of emotion regulation training and self-control training have a significant effect on the self-control and emotional adjustment of students with oppositional behavior disorder. The effectiveness of emotion regulation training and self-control training on the self-control and emotional adjustment students with oppositional behavior disorder is not different. As a result, each of these interventions can be used in counseling and psychotherapy centers to improve self-control and increase children's adjustment.