The present study aimed to investigate the role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies and tolerance of ambiguity in predicting self-control. The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study included all students of Payam Noor University in Ray in 2017, of which 186 were selected as the research sample using the available sampling method. The self-control scale of Grasmick et al. (1993), the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire of Garnevsky and Kraij (2002), and the tolerance of ambiguity questionnaire of Lane et al. (1993) were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test and multiple regression with simultaneous method. The results showed that negative emotion regulation has a significant direct relationship with self-control and positive emotion regulation has a significant inverse relationship with self-control. However, no significant relationship was observed between tolerance of ambiguity and self-control. Also, among the predictor variables, only negative emotion regulation was able to significantly predict the self-control variable. Therefore, it can be concluded that negative cognitive emotion regulation is an important antecedent in explaining poor self-control, and training individuals to reduce the use of negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies can help strengthen self-control.